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Dry-running protection is mandatory for safe operation of centrifugal pumps, which are used for conveying flammable fluids and/or are installed in potentially explosive atmospheres. While pump manufacturers must perform an ignition hazard assessment, project managers and operators also need to ensure proper safeguards are in place to prevent catastrophic failures due to dry running. In this article, we will explore the importance of centrifugal pump run dry protection and various methods to safeguard these critical assets.
Dry-running protection is mandatory for safe operation of centrifugal pumps, which are used for conveying flammable fluids and/or are installed in potentially explosive atmospheres. While pump manufacturers must perform an ignition hazard assessment, project
Can Centrifugal Pumps Run Dry?
Centrifugal pumps are designed to operate with a continuous flow of liquid to lubricate the pump components and dissipate heat generated during operation. Running a centrifugal pump dry, i.e., without any liquid, can lead to overheating and damage to the pump internals. In addition, dry running can cause cavitation, which can further deteriorate the pump performance and efficiency.
To prevent centrifugal pumps from running dry, various protection mechanisms can be implemented. These include low-pressure pump shut off systems, submersible pump dry run protection devices, and pump protection systems that detect and prevent dry running.
Low Pressure Pump Shut Off
Low-pressure pump shut off systems are designed to monitor the pressure within the pump system. If the pressure drops below a certain threshold, indicating a lack of liquid flow, the shut off system will deactivate the pump to prevent dry running. This safeguard is crucial in preventing damage to the pump and ensuring continuous operation without interruptions.
Submersible Pump Dry Run Protection
Submersible pumps are commonly used in applications where the pump is submerged in the fluid being pumped. In such scenarios, it is essential to have dry run protection mechanisms in place to prevent the pump from running dry. Submersible pump dry run protection systems can include sensors that detect the presence of liquid around the pump and automatically shut off the pump if dry running is detected.
Pump Protection Against Running Dry
In addition to low-pressure shut off and submersible pump dry run protection, centrifugal pumps can be equipped with various other safeguards to protect against running dry. These can include monitoring systems that track the temperature of the pump components, flow sensors that detect the presence of liquid, and alarms that alert operators in case of dry running.
Irrigation Pump Low Pressure Switch
Irrigation pumps are often subjected to varying operating conditions, including fluctuations in pressure and flow. To prevent irrigation pumps from running dry, low-pressure switches can be installed to monitor the pressure within the system. If the pressure drops below a certain level, indicating a lack of water flow, the low-pressure switch will deactivate the pump to prevent damage.
Lightning Protection for Well Pumps
Well pumps are exposed to the elements and are at risk of damage from lightning strikes. Lightning protection systems can be installed to safeguard well pumps from electrical surges and prevent damage to the pump motor and control systems. By implementing proper lightning protection measures, operators can ensure the safe and reliable operation of well pumps in all weather conditions.
Sump Pump Shut Off Switch
Sump pumps are critical for preventing flooding in basements and underground spaces. To protect sump pumps from running dry, shut off switches can be installed to detect the presence of water in the sump pit. If the water level drops below a certain point, indicating a lack of water flow, the shut off switch will deactivate the pump to prevent dry running.
Pumps That Can Run Dry
Another very effective measure for dry-running protection is monitoring of the active power required by the motor, e.g. with the help of the
Compute Pump Efficiency (η): Use the formula η=Phydraulic / BKW to determine pump efficiency. This ratio expresses how effectively the pump converts input power to useful .
centrifugal pump run dry protection|pump protection against running dry